Bài học này sẽ hướng dẫn bạn cách sử dụng vốn từ vựng của mình một cách hiệu quả nhất cũng như làm sao để thể hiện khả năng áp dụng những chức năng ngôn ngữ trong IELTS Speaking Test.
{rokaccess guest} Đăng ký thành viên để xem nội dung chi tiết {/rokaccess} {rokaccess !guest}
1) Clip 1: Vocabulary for Speaking
2) Clip 2: Vocabulary Exercise
3) Printable Documents
a) Notes for Study
IELTS Tip
Build your vocabulary around topic areas such as health, the environment, media, society, technology, education and others.
Demonstrate your range of topic vocabulary by using a variety of word forms, synonyms and opposites.
Don’t forget to include collocations and less common words and expressions, such as idioms.
VOCABULARY FOR SPEAKING
Having a wide range of vocabulary at your finger tips and being able to use it accurately and appropriately allow you to communicate freely, spontaneously, effectively and fluently.
When building your vocabulary it is not only important to organise it in a meaningful way according to topics but also to look at how the words are used. There is more to a word than just its meaning.
There are different component parts of a word. Using a wide range and having a command of word forms are what is referred to as your lexical resource, one of the criteria by which your speech is assessed.
It is important to know and learn the different ways words are used.
When setting up a vocabulary notebook for yourself you should include the following aspects of a word.
• word forms and stress
• word associations
• collocations
• register
• idioms and fixed expressions
Word forms and stress
Words function differently when they are used as adjectives, nouns, verbs or adverbs.
Knowing the various forms gives you flexibility in the way you can express yourself.
Be careful though the stress may change when using a different word form.
Some examples are on the following page:
|
adjective |
noun |
verb |
adverb |
|
|
thing |
person |
|||
|
environ'mental |
en'vironment |
environ'mentalist |
|
environ'mentally |
|
in'dustrial in'dustrialised/ in'dustrialized in'dustrious |
'industry industriali'sation |
in'dustrialist |
in'dustrialise/ in'dustrialize |
in'dustrially |
|
tra'ditional |
tra'dition |
tra'ditionalist |
|
tra'ditionally |
|
cre'ative |
cre'ation crea'tivity |
cre'ator |
cre'ate |
cre'atively |
|
long 'lengthy |
|
length |
'lengthen |
'lengthwise |
|
de'cided de'cisive |
de'cision |
|
de'cide |
de'cidedly de'cisively |
|
'peaceful 'peaceable |
peace |
'peacemaker |
'pacify |
'peacefully |
Word associations
Knowing the way words are associated with each other helps to learn the meaning of words more easily and provides the opportunity when demonstrating your speaking ability to use a wider range of vocabulary. Using synonyms, opposites and other related words allows you to extend your talk or response with more detail and express yourself more eloquently.
There are various ways that words are related. Some of the more common relationships include:
• synonyms
• opposites
• hyponyms
Synonyms
These are words that have the same meaning, or are similar in meaning. Be careful that some words, even though they may be similar or slightly different in meaning, may be more appropriate in one particular context than in another. Grammar can also make a difference in the choice you make.
It is important to take these aspects into account when building your vocabulary notebook and include a reference to the meaning to which the group of synonyms belongs.
On the following page are some groups of synonyms for the word advance used as noun and verb, including a reference to the intended meaning.
|
advance |
|
|
noun |
synonyms |
|
bringing progress |
development, improvement, growth, headway |
|
verb |
|
|
move forward |
proceed, move on, progress, make headway |
|
benefit |
promote, benefit, assist |
|
time |
bring forward |
Opposites
These are words that are opposite in meaning. Similarly, as with synonyms it is important to be aware that appropriate use depends on context and grammar. Here are some groups of opposites for advance.
|
advance |
|
|
noun |
|
|
making progress |
decline, deterioration |
|
verb |
|
|
move forward |
withdraw, retreat |
|
benefit |
hold back, delay |
|
time |
move back |
